SCHEME SUMMARY
SCHEME SUMMARY
Note: this list is not exhaustive. See us for additional requirements.
|
SCHEME |
DESCRIPTION |
|
PREP-01A |
Pulverisation of soil samples <500g |
|
PREP-01 |
Dry, crush, split, pulverise <3kg |
|
PREP-02 |
Dry, crush, split, pulverise core/rock <3kg |
|
PREP-03 |
Dry, pulverise vegetation samples |
|
WAR-25 |
Aqua-regia digest, 25g: Low-level Au (0.5 ppb DL) by ICP-MS |
|
MAR-04 |
µwave digest, aqua-regia: 50 elements by ICP-MS/ICPOES |
|
MMA-04 |
µ-wave digest, HF/multiacid: 61 elements including REEs by ICP-MS/OES |
|
ENV-04 |
Water samples: 64 elements by ICP-MS |
|
PL-01 |
Partial leach, chelating CN: 64 elements by ICP-MS/OES |
|
PL-02 |
Partial leach, Water: 64 elements by ICP-MS/OES |
|
PL-03 |
Partial leach, Sodium Pyrophosphate: 64 elements by ICP-MS/OES |
|
PL-04 |
Partial leach, Weak Hydroxylamine (0.1M): 64 elements by ICP-MS/OES |
|
PL-04S |
Partial leach, Strong Hydroxylamine (0.25M): 64 elements by ICP-MS/OES |
|
PL-05 |
Partial leach, Dilute aqua regia (10%): 64 elements by ICP-MS/OES |
|
PL-05S |
Partial leach, Conc. aqua regia (100%): 64 elements by ICP-MS/OES |
|
AF-02 |
Lithium borate fusion: Majors, traces, REEs, by ICP-OES/MS |
|
AF-03 |
Lithium borate fusion: Majors only (whole rock, inc. LOI) by ICP-OES |
|
LITH-02, LITH-02R |
A whole-rock lithogeochem package, with sensitive trace element detection. Combined alkaline fusion plus µwave aqua regia digest, ICP-MS/OES. Majors, traces, REEs, LOI. LITH-02R is research-grade analysis, including CO2 and FeO |
|
MSA-04, MSA-05 |
Plant tissue analysis (0.5g for 04, 2.0g for 05) for 64 elements by ICP-MS |
RUDAKI LAB DIGEST CODES AND DETECTION LIMITS
|
Analyte |
WAR |
MAR |
20EX |
MMA |
AF |
PL |
ENV |
WCN |
MSA |
UFF |
|
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppm |
ppb |
ppb |
ppb |
ppb |
ppm |
||
|
Ag |
– |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
– |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.003 |
|
Al |
– |
10 |
– |
10 |
100 |
10 |
1 |
– |
2000 |
10 |
|
As |
– |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
– |
0.5 |
0.5 |
2 |
0.01 |
0.5 |
|
Au |
0.5 |
– |
0.5 ppb |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
0.5ppb |
|
B |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
10 |
5 |
– |
0.1 |
– |
|
Ba |
– |
0.2 |
– |
0.2 |
1 |
10 |
0.05 |
– |
50 |
0.2 |
|
Be |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.05 |
– |
0.5 |
0.01 |
|
Bi |
– |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.5 |
0.002 |
|
Br |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
10 |
– |
10 |
1 |
|
Ca |
– |
10 |
– |
10 |
100 |
200 |
50 |
– |
5000 |
10 |
|
Cd |
– |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
1 |
0.004 |
|
Ce |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
0.5 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.05 |
|
Co |
– |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.02 |
1 |
2 |
0.01 |
|
Cr |
– |
2 |
2 |
1 |
10 |
1 |
1 |
– |
50 |
2 |
|
Cs |
– |
0.1 |
– |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.03 |
|
Cu |
– |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
5 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
10 |
2 |
0.1 |
|
Dy |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.02 |
|
Er |
– |
– |
– |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.05 |
|
Eu |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.2 |
0.02 |
|
Fe |
– |
100 |
100 |
50 |
100 |
1 |
10 |
– |
5000 |
50 |
|
Ga |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.5 |
0.05 |
– |
1 |
0.05 |
|
Gd |
– |
– |
– |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.05 |
|
Ge |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.1 |
0.05 |
– |
5 |
0.05 |
|
Hf |
– |
0.02 |
– |
0.02 |
0.1 |
0.5 |
0.02 |
– |
0.5 |
0.002 |
|
Hg |
– |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
– |
0.1 |
0.1 |
– |
0.5 |
0.001 |
|
Ho |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.1 |
0.02 |
|
I |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
10 |
– |
10 |
1 |
|
In |
– |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.005 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.001 |
|
K |
– |
10 |
– |
10 |
100 |
20 |
50 |
– |
5000 |
10 |
|
La |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
5 |
0.05 |
|
Li |
– |
0.5 |
– |
0.5 |
– |
0.2 |
0.1 |
– |
5 |
0.05 |
|
Lu |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.1 |
0.02 |
|
Mg |
– |
10 |
– |
10 |
100 |
10 |
50 |
– |
10000 |
10 |
|
Mn |
– |
2 |
2 |
2 |
10 |
2 |
0.05 |
– |
10 |
0.5 |
|
Mo |
– |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
2 |
0.03 |
|
Na |
– |
10 |
– |
10 |
100 |
10 |
50 |
– |
10000 |
– |
|
Nb |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.5 |
0.1 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
– |
1 |
0.01 |
|
Nd |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
1 |
0.02 |
|
Ni |
– |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
5 |
1 |
0.2 |
10 |
20 |
0.2 |
|
P |
– |
5 |
– |
5 |
50 |
20 |
20 |
– |
5000 |
– |
|
Pb |
– |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
– |
5 |
0.05 |
|
Pd |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
– |
|
Pr |
– |
– |
– |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.05 |
|
Pt |
– |
1 |
– |
0.005 |
– |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.1 |
0.02 |
1 ppb |
|
Rb |
– |
0.1 |
– |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
5 |
0.1 |
|
Re |
– |
0.001 |
– |
0.0005 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
– |
0.01 |
0.0001 |
|
S |
– |
50 |
50 |
50 |
– |
50 |
1000 |
– |
20000 |
5 |
|
Sb |
– |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.1 |
1 |
0.5 |
0.05 |
– |
0.5 |
0.001 |
|
Sc |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
– |
1 |
0.2 |
|
Se |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
1 |
2 |
0.5 |
– |
10 |
0.05 |
|
Si |
– |
– |
– |
– |
100 |
– |
100 |
– |
– |
– |
|
Sm |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.02 |
|
Sn |
– |
0.1 |
– |
0.2 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
– |
10 |
0.02 |
|
Sr |
– |
0.1 |
– |
0.1 |
0.1 |
1 |
10 |
– |
100 |
0.1 |
|
Ta |
– |
0.01 |
– |
0.01 |
0.1 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
– |
0.1 |
0.001 |
|
Tb |
– |
– |
– |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.02 |
|
Te |
– |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
– |
0.5 |
0.001 |
|
Th |
– |
0.02 |
– |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
– |
0.5 |
0.02 |
|
Ti |
– |
10 |
– |
10 |
100 |
5 |
10 |
– |
100 |
2 |
|
Tl |
– |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.003 |
|
Tm |
– |
– |
– |
0.01 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.1 |
0.05 |
|
U |
– |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
– |
0.5 |
0.003 |
|
V |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
5 |
10 |
0.01 |
– |
100 |
1 |
|
W |
– |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.1 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.02 |
– |
0.2 |
0.001 |
|
Y |
– |
0.05 |
– |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
5 |
0.05 |
|
Yb |
– |
– |
– |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
– |
0.5 |
0.05 |
|
Zn |
– |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
2 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
50 |
10 |
0.2 |
|
Zr |
– |
0.5 |
– |
1 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.02 |
– |
1 |
0.1 |
Sample Preparation (PREP)
Our sample preparation is designed to handle low-grade materials without cross-contamination.
Samples are dried, crushed (~2mm) and rotary divided where required. Pulverisation is undertaken by LM1 mill, and bowls are barren-washed after each sample.
Pulverisation in non-ferrous heads is available.
Gold (WAR)
Our low-detection gold technique (WAR) has been developed in-house to offer excellent recovery and signal discrimination in regolith materials, whilst minimising potential for cross contamination.
A 25 or 40g portion of pulverised sample is analysed for gold content using aqua-regia digestion, with determination by ICP-MS to achieve high recovery and low detection limits (0.5ppb).
A range of common pathfinder elements can also be determined by ICP-MS from the WAR leach. This should be considered a partial leach for these additional elements.
Multi-Element Analysis (MAR)
The MAR technique is designed for analysis of regolith materials for gold and base metals exploration.
The sample material is digested in aqua-regia under high pressure and temperature in microwave apparatus, with determination of analytes by ICP-MS/ICP-OES.
Pulverisation in non-ferrous heads is available.
Multi-Element Analysis With Rare-Earths (MMA)
The MMA technique is a microwave-assisted, HF-based digestion that effectively offers total recovery for all but the most refractory of minerals. This technique is well suited to materials such as core, rock-chip and stream sediments.
A portion of sample is digested in an HF-based acid mixture under high pressure and temperature in microwave apparatus for analysis, with determination of 61 elements including Rare-Earths by a combination of ICP-MS and ICP-OES.
Whole Rock Analysis (AF)
Samples are fused in an alkaline salt (lithium meta/tetraborate or sodium peroxide), and dissolved in nitric acid for determination of major rock-forming elements by ICP-OES and resistate traces by ICP-MS. Loss-on-ignition is included, and FeO and CO2 may be analysed by titration.
Partial Leach Analysis (PL)
Leachates are analysed for full multielement suites, including rare-earths, to low detection limit by ICP-MS and ICP-OES.
Examples of leaches performed:
Bio-Geochemical Analysis (MSA)
Microwave digestion apparatus offers complete sample decomposition under high temperature and pressure, elimination of cross-contamination and retention of volatile analytes.
Excellent detection limits are obtained for biological materials through the use of current-generation ICP-Mass Spectrometry for the determination of 64 analytes.
Whole-Rock Analysis For Researchers
A lithogeochemical characterisation package for research purposes.
Samples are analysed by a combination of alkaline fusion (for high field-strength and resistate elements) and HF/Multiacid microwave digestions followed by determination by ICP-OES and ICP-MS to give full analysis of component metallic elements. Carbon dioxide content is analysed by gas evolution or titration, and LOI is performed gravimetrically. FeO is determined titrimetrically.
Major rock-forming oxides, base metals, traces, volatile pathfinders, and rare-earth elements are reported, along with carbon dioxide and LOI.
